The Harvest Festival, also known as Pesta Kaamatan, is a significant celebration in the state of Sabah, Malaysia. Observed annually on 30th and 31st May, this festival marks the end of the rice-harvesting season and honours the Kadazan-Dusun people’s rich cultural heritage. The Harvest Festival is a time for thanksgiving, cultural performances, traditional games, and communal feasting.
Harvest Festival Dates (2024-2027)
| Year | Date | Day | States Observed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 30-31 May | Thursday-Friday | Sabah |
| 2025 | 30-31 May | Friday-Saturday | Sabah |
| 2026 | 30-31 May | Saturday-Sunday | Sabah |
| 2027 | 30-31 May | Sunday-Monday | Sabah |
History and Background
The Harvest Festival, or Kaamatan, has its roots in the ancient traditions of the Kadazan-Dusun people, who are the largest indigenous group in Sabah. The festival is a time to give thanks to the rice spirit, Bambarayon, for a bountiful harvest. According to legend, the Harvest Festival originated from the sacrifice of Huminodun, the daughter of the god Kinoingan, whose body parts were planted to produce the first rice crop.
Traditions and Cultural Significance
Magavau Ceremony
The Harvest Festival begins with the Magavau ceremony, a ritual performed by the Bobohizan (high priestess) to appease the rice spirit and ensure a bountiful harvest. The ceremony involves chants, offerings, and traditional dances, invoking blessings and protection for the community.
Traditional Music and Dance
Traditional music and dance are central to the Harvest Festival celebrations. The sumazau dance, performed to the rhythm of gongs and other traditional instruments, is a highlight. Dancers, dressed in colourful traditional attire, move gracefully in a unique and mesmerising style. The festival also features other traditional dances, showcasing the diverse cultural heritage of Sabah’s indigenous communities.
Unduk Ngadau Beauty Pageant
The Unduk Ngadau beauty pageant is a significant event during the Harvest Festival. This competition honours Huminodun, the legendary heroine, and celebrates the beauty, grace, and cultural knowledge of young Kadazan-Dusun women. Contestants from various districts compete in traditional attire, and the winner is crowned as the festival’s queen.
Traditional Games
Traditional games and sports are an integral part of the Harvest Festival. These include events such as buffalo racing, tug-of-war, and arm wrestling. The games highlight the physical strength and skills of the participants and provide entertainment for the spectators.
Communal Feasting
Communal feasting is a central aspect of the Harvest Festival. Families and communities come together to share traditional food and drinks, such as hinava (a raw fish salad), lihing (rice wine), and other local delicacies. The communal meals foster a sense of unity and strengthen social bonds.
Harvest Festival Celebrations Across Sabah
Kota Kinabalu
In Kota Kinabalu, the state capital, the Harvest Festival is celebrated with grand events and activities. The Hongkod Koisaan building, which serves as the Kadazan-Dusun Cultural Association’s headquarters, hosts the main festivities. These include the Magavau ceremony, cultural performances, the Unduk Ngadau pageant, and traditional games.
Penampang
Penampang, a district known for its strong Kadazan-Dusun heritage, is another focal point for the Harvest Festival celebrations. The district organises various cultural events, performances, and communal feasts, attracting both locals and visitors.
Ranau
In Ranau, the Harvest Festival is celebrated with traditional rituals, cultural performances, and community activities. The district’s rich agricultural heritage is showcased through events that highlight the importance of rice cultivation and traditional farming practices.
Other Regions
Throughout Sabah, towns and villages celebrate the Harvest Festival with local customs and traditions. These celebrations include community gatherings, traditional games, and cultural exhibitions that highlight the unique identity of each region within the state.
A Celebration of Gratitude and Cultural Heritage
The Harvest Festival in Sabah is a vibrant celebration of gratitude, unity, and cultural heritage. Through rituals such as the Magavau ceremony, traditional music and dance, the Unduk Ngadau pageant, traditional games, and communal feasting, the people of Sabah honour their ancestors and celebrate their rich cultural traditions.
The festival fosters a sense of community and pride, making it a cherished part of Sabah’s cultural calendar.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is the Harvest Festival a public holiday in Malaysia?
Yes, the Harvest Festival, or Pesta Kaamatan, is a public holiday in the state of Sabah.
How do people in Sabah typically celebrate the Harvest Festival?
People celebrate with the Magavau ceremony, traditional music and dance, the Unduk Ngadau beauty pageant, traditional games, and communal feasting.
What is the significance of the Unduk Ngadau beauty pageant?
The Unduk Ngadau beauty pageant honours the legendary heroine Huminodun and celebrates the beauty, grace, and cultural knowledge of young Kadazan-Dusun women.
What are some popular destinations in Sabah to experience the Harvest Festival?
Popular destinations include Kota Kinabalu, Penampang, and Ranau, where various events and activities are organised to celebrate the state’s rich cultural heritage.